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All colleagues unite and focus their efforts to write a new chapter of developmentStandards for lithium‑battery electric vehicle chargers; precautions for charging lithium‑battery electric vehicles.
所属分类： Industry News
发布时间：2020-06-05
Standards for lithium‑battery electric vehicle chargers and precautions for charging lithium‑battery electric vehicles. Currently, the market has established a set of standards for lithium‑battery EV chargers; therefore, it is essential to use only dedicated chargers. Electric vehicle charger However, chargers vary widely in quality, and low‑quality models can severely damage batteries—often reducing capacity and shortening lifespan after just a few uses. Therefore, appropriate standards should be in place for chargers. Below, Cuneng Electric outlines the criteria for evaluating lithium‑ion electric‑vehicle chargers and key precautions for their use.
Standards for Evaluating Lithium-Ion Electric Vehicle Chargers
(1) The charger is capable of delivering high current for rapid charging over a short period, achieving more than 80% of the total capacity within the first 15 minutes of fast charging. It adjusts the current magnitude according to the battery type and charging stage, thereby accommodating the specific characteristics of different battery plates. Additionally, the charger should generate strong positive pulses to disrupt and continuously break down sulfation crystals on the plate surfaces, ensuring that the active materials maintain optimal charge–discharge performance. As a result, not only does the capacity of L‑C batteries remain stable over the long term, but their service life is also significantly extended.
(2) During the final stage of charging, the system automatically switches to trickle charging to ensure thorough redox reactions of the active materials on each battery plate and to maximize charge balance among all cells.
(3) Once the charging termination voltage is reached, the charger must be able to maintain the voltage precisely at the battery’s specified termination voltage and must never exceed it.
(4) The charger shall incorporate temperature compensation to prevent damage to the battery pack caused by excessive temperatures. When the battery reaches its allowable temperature threshold, the output circuit shall automatically shut off, and charging shall resume automatically once the temperature has dropped.
(5) For nickel–metal hydride battery chargers, it is also advisable to include a feature that allows for an appropriately increased charging voltage. These batteries experience a reduction in capacity as they age. To help maintain good capacity retention, the termination voltage can be raised from its standard 1.5 V to 1.6–1.7 V. When purchasing a vehicle equipped with a nickel–metal hydride battery, users should confirm whether the charger supports this higher charging voltage.
Precautions for Charging Lithium-Ion Electric Vehicles
1. To ensure the charging safety of electric vehicle lithium‑ion battery packs and to prolong their service life, always use the designated lithium‑ion‑specific charger provided with the pack. If the charger is lost or damaged, please purchase a replacement from an authorized dealer; never use a lead‑acid charger or any other type of charger for this purpose.
2. If the electric vehicle will remain unused for an extended period, disconnect the battery from the vehicle and periodically recharge it to prevent self‑discharge. Lithium batteries must not be stored with a fully depleted charge; if the battery will not be used for a short time, charge it to at least 50% before storage, and re‑charge it every 30 days.
3. When charging the battery, if the charger plug becomes continuously hot and remains so for an extended period, immediately check for a short circuit or poor contact. Unplug the charger, inspect the plug for any oxidation, and promptly remove it.
4. It is recommended to charge the battery as needed. Once a lithium‑ion battery pack is discharged, the sulfation process begins; noticeable sulfation can occur within 12 hours. Timely charging can prevent mild sulfation, but if charging is delayed, these sulfation crystals will accumulate and gradually grow into coarse, large‑sized crystals.
That concludes the criteria for evaluating lithium‑battery electric‑vehicle chargers, as well as the precautions to take when charging such vehicles. Lithium‑battery electric vehicles are expected to gain widespread adoption over the next three to five years; however, their currently high price still deters many consumers. With the maturation of lithium‑battery manufacturing technologies in the coming years, these vehicles should become affordable and accessible to households.